Guide
Scrap Metal 101: Ferrous vs Non-Ferrous, the Magnet Test, and How to Sell It
Last reviewed October 13, 2026
Scrap yards sort everything into two buckets: ferrous metals contain iron and are magnetic; non-ferrous metals don't contain iron and are generally worth more per pound. Sorting before you go is the easiest way to get a better price.
The magnet test
- Hold a household magnet to the metal.
- It sticks: ferrous — steel or iron. Common sources: appliances, car frames, rebar, tools.
- It doesn't stick: non-ferrous — aluminum, copper, brass, lead, zinc, and most stainless steel.
Common non-ferrous metals and how to spot them
| Metal | What it looks like | Typical sources |
|---|---|---|
| Aluminum | Light, silvery, non-magnetic | Cans, siding, gutters, window frames, cookware |
| Copper | Reddish-orange, heavy | Wire, pipe, fittings, motors |
| Brass | Yellow-gold, heavy | Faucets, valves, keys, plumbing fittings |
| Stainless steel | Silvery, usually non-magnetic | Sinks, kitchen equipment |
| Lead | Dull gray, very heavy and soft | Batteries, flashing, weights |
Prepare your load
- Separate by type — steel in one pile, aluminum in another, copper and brass in their own containers.
- Remove contamination — plastic, rubber, wood, and steel screws on aluminum or copper parts lower the grade.
- Drain fluids from engines, appliances and air conditioners. Refrigerant must be recovered by a certified technician before an appliance is scrapped.
- Be safe — wear gloves and closed shoes, and never cut into sealed tanks or unknown containers.
What the yard will ask for
- A government-issued photo ID (most states require yards to record this).
- A description of the material, sometimes with proof of ownership for items like catalytic converters or utility materials.
- Your vehicle will be weighed in and out so they can calculate the weight of what you drop off.
Find a buyer
Search our scrap metal directory by ZIP code, and call two or three yards for current prices — here's how pricing works. Some yards buy only commercial loads, so ask whether they accept walk-in sellers.
Frequently asked questions
How can I tell if metal is aluminum, steel or copper?
Use a magnet. If it sticks, it is ferrous (iron or steel). If it doesn't stick and is light and silvery, it is probably aluminum. Reddish-orange metal is copper, and yellowish metal is usually brass. Stainless steel is often non-magnetic, so check for a second sign like weight and finish.
Do I need ID to sell scrap metal?
In most states, yes — yards must record a government photo ID, and some states limit cash payments or add waiting periods, especially for catalytic converters and copper.
Should I strip insulation off copper wire?
Bare, stripped copper pays more than insulated wire, but stripping takes time. Ask the yard for both prices and decide whether your time is worth the difference.
Rules vary by state, city and facility. Confirm with your local waste authority or the facility before you go.